Risk factors of falls can be divided into intrinsic and extrinsic factors. They result in more injuries, longer hospital stays, more medico-legal issues and over USD 4000 in excess charges per hospitalization, ( 5) which ranges from USD 319 in minor, noninjurious falls to USD 22,368 in multi-injury falls. ( 4) In addition, falls in LTC seniors are very costly. ( 3) These injuries further expose the patients to surgically related risks and complications of immobilization, including pulmonary embolism, infection, and physical deconditioning. ( 1, 2) LTC seniors are also prone to suffer from more serious consequences, with 10%–25% having a fracture or laceration. Seniors living in long-term care (LTC) facilities have higher average rate of falls of 1.5–1.7 per person annually, comparing with community-dwelling seniors who had an average rate of 0.65 per person annually.
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